Does it? As far as I remember, the first part of the fight is an instrumental version of Throw Away Your Mask, and the second part (which is mostly scripted) plays the vocal version of that song. I don't remember I Believe playing at any point.
It happens when the Phantom Thieves try blocking Adam Kadmon's super attack to distract him while Joker flys up to shoot Maruki. IMO it should of only played during that since a lot people are just going to run up the stairs before the final boss fight anyway. It works a lot better in final boss fight since that part is basically a cutscene so the music is going to sync up very well.